Classifications of Crude Oil. 1. 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Classification Systems 2.2.1 Classification as a Hydrocarbon Resource 2.2.2 Classification by Chemical Composition 2.2.3 Correlation Index 2.2.4 Density 2.2.5 API Gravity 2.2.6 Viscosity 2.2.7 Carbon Distribution 2.2.8 Viscosity–Gravity Constant 2.2.9 UOP Characterization API Gravity; Viscosity; Pour Point; Concentration of Various Contaminants; Distillation and Boiling Points; Crude Assay; Characterization Factors; Elemental Analysis and Ternary Classification of Crude Oils; Self-Check Questions; Assignments; Summary and Final Tasks The American Petroleum Institute (API) has categorized base oils into five categories (API 1509, Appendix E). The first three groups are refined from petroleum crude oil. Group IV base oils are full synthetic (polyalphaolefin) oils. Group V is for all other base oils not included in Groups I through IV. The four steps involved in hazardous area classification are: Determine the type of hazard or "class" that might be present—combustible gas (Class I), combustible dust (Class II), or fibers (Class III). Identify the specific "group" for the hazardous substance (Group A through Group G). Classification of petroleum also indicates the best use for a particular field of petroleum. One oil type is not necessarily “better” than another, but rather the different types are useful in different applications. Light crude oil is preferable for refining into gasoline as it produces a far higher yield than heavy. The American Petroleum Institute gravity, or API gravity, is a measure of how heavy or light a petroleum liquid is compared to water. if its API gravity is greater than 10, it is lighter and floats on water; if less than 10, it is heavier and sinks.
Table 2: Crude oil classification by the National Petroleum. Agency of Brazil ( Adapted from ANP, 2000). Oil Class. °API. Light. °API ≥ 31. Medium. 22 ≤ °API < 31.
Classifications or grades[edit]. API gravity of crude oil produced in the Contiguous United States. Generally speaking, oil Liquid petroleum pumped from oil wells is called “crude” or "crude oil." At the molecular level, crude oil is composed predominantly of carbon, which can make 17 Feb 2014 When crude oil is classified based on its API gravity it is divided into one of the following four classifications: Light – Light crude oil has an API 17 Feb 2011 The different types of crude oil are classified based on the American Petroleum Gravity (API) gravity and viscosity. The properties may vary in The API gravity is nothing more than the standard specific gravity used by the oil industry, which compares the density of oil to that of water through a calculation
API Gravity; Viscosity; Pour Point; Concentration of Various Contaminants; Distillation and Boiling Points; Crude Assay; Characterization Factors; Elemental Analysis and Ternary Classification of Crude Oils; Self-Check Questions; Assignments; Summary and Final Tasks
Oils may have more than one performance level. For automotive gasoline engines, the latest engine oil service category includes the performance properties of 9 Dec 2016 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Classification Systems 2.2.1 Classification as a Hydrocarbon Resource 2.2.2 Classification by Chemical Composition A crude oil will typically have an API between 15 and 45 degrees. Higher API indicates a lighter (lower density) crude. Lower API indicates a heavier (more dense) Before all the additives are added to the mixture, lubricating oils begin as one or more of these five API groups. Group I. Group I base oils are classified as less Gasoline engine oil categories (for cars, vans, and light trucks with gasoline engines): Oils designed for gasoline engine service fall under API's “S” (Service)
The principal objective of this review paper is to review the current state of understanding in the formation, classification and stability of crude oil emulsification.
Crude oil is classified as light, medium, or heavy, which refers to the oil's relative density based on the American Petroleum Institute (API) Gravity. The measure Conventional crude oil and heavy oil have also been defined very generally in terms of physical properties. Classification of petroleum according to API gravity (5)Institute of Petroleum Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Classification based on °API gravity is very important to estimate 17 Sep 2019 A library of ExxonMobil crude oil blends sorted by API gravity and by sulfur content. Account classification: The way in which suppliers of electricity, natural gas, or fuel oil classify and bill their customers. Commonly used account classifications
One of the largest and major Classifications of Crude oil is Brent Blend, which is found in the North Sea. With an API gravity of 38.3 degrees and 0.37% of sulfur, this blend of crude oil comes from 15 various oil fields in the North Sea. West Texas Intermediate (WTI) otherwise known as Texas Light Sweet,
The service rating of passenger car and commercial automotive motor oils is classified by the American Petroleum Institute (API). The program certifies that an oil meets certain Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) quality and performance standards. Classifications or grades Light crude oil has an API gravity higher than 31.1° (i.e., less than 870 kg/m 3). Medium oil has an API gravity between 22.3 and 31.1° (i.e., 870 to 920 kg/m 3). Heavy crude oil has an API gravity below 22.3° (i.e., 920 to 1000 kg/m 3). Extra heavy oil has an API In other words, oil is classified by geographic region. However, all oils from a particular region are not created equal. Further classification of petroleum, derived from the density of the raw petroleum (API gravity) and its various non-hydrocarbon components (especially sulfur),